ABSTRACT
Objective: By investigating the correlation between quantitative parameters of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and commonly used activity assessment indicators of Crohn's disease (CD), and comparing the predictive power of laboratory inflammatory indicators with CEUS on Crohn's disease (CD), the significance of CEUS was evaluated. Methods: A case-control study. From October 2019 to December 2021, the clinical data of 67 patients with CD who were diagnosed by endoscopy and underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasonography were retrospectively analyzed in the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, and their routine ultrasound and CEUS parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), fecal calprotectin (FC), Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) and simplified endoscopic score for Crohn's disease (SES-CD) were collected. Using SES-CD as the standard, the patients were divided into a remission group and an active group, and the correlation of laboratory inflammatory indexes and contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters with CDAI and SES-CD were evaluated. Besides, the ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive efficacy of each index on CD endoscopic activity. Results: A total of 67 patients were included in this study. According to the SES-CD score, there were 17 patients in the remission group and 50 patients in the active group. Except for the coefficient of the enhancement wash in slope and time to peak (TTP), the peak intensity (PI), area under the angiography curve, and laboratory inflammatory indexes were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05), which also showed a moderate positive correlation with CDAI and SES-CD (P<0.05). ROC analysis showed that among the non-invasive indicators, PI and area under the angiography curve had the highest AUCs for predicting CD endoscopic activity, which were 0.912 and 0.891, respectively; with SES-CD taking >3 as the cut-off value, the corresponding sensitivities were 78.0% and 72.0%, with specificities of 100.0% and 94.1%, respectively. Conclusion: CEUS can objectively and repeatedly evaluate the disease activity of CD patients, and has great clinical application value, which can be used as a reliable imaging method for diagnosis and follow-up of patients with Crohn's disease.
Subject(s)
Humans , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Case-Control Studies , Retrospective Studies , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) is based on medical therapy and surgery is reserved for failure of medical management or complications. AIM: To evaluate endoscopic, clinical, and surgical recurrence of CD after surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a prospectively maintained database, consecutive patients older than 15 years subjected to an ileocecal resection for ileocolic disease from January 2011 to April 2021, were identified. The diagnosis of CD was confirmed with the pathologic report. Patients with less than one year of follow-up were excluded. Information was obtained retrospectively from the database and clinical records. RESULTS: Fourteen patients were identified. The mean age at the time of surgery was 38 years. Surgery was performed at a median of 41.5 months (0-300) after the diagnosis of CD, nine elective and five emergency procedures. In five patients there were four major and two minor postoperative complications, with no anastomotic leakage. Six patients had endoscopic recurrence and seven had clinical recurrence (50%) at a mean of 15 months, one of whom required a second operation. There was no mortality. CONCLUSIONS: After the surgical treatment of CD, the clinical and endoscopic recurrence rate continues to be high.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Crohn Disease/surgery , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Recurrence , Cecum/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Endoscopy , Ileum/surgeryABSTRACT
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, relapsing, idiopathic condition, characterized by granulomatous, transmural inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, which can affect its entire length, from mouth to anus. Metastatic Crohn's disease (MCD) is a rare form of skin involvement and is defined by skin lesions without contiguity with the gastrointestinal tract. A 9-year-old patient presented with gastrointestinal complaints and gross skin lesions in the vulva and perianal region. The diagnosis of Crohn's disease was made when the patient was 11 years old, after being evaluated by the colorectal surgeon. Treatment was started with a "top-down" approach, with a sustained response for four years. Afterwards, there was a relapse of the skin disease in previously normal areas, without overt symptoms. Treatment consisted of steroids and local infiltration of infliximab, without improvement. A year later, there was a rapid progression of the skin lesions, and the drug changed to adalimumab, also without response and worsening of the skin lesions. The patient was admitted to the hospital and intravenous steroids were initiated, along with surgical debridement of the lesions. After some improvement, ustekinumab was initiated with satisfactory response. Pediatric MCD has an important impact on the patient's quality of life, with influences on growth and social development. (AU)
A doença de Crohn é uma condição idiopática crônica, recidivante, caracterizada por inflamação granulomatosa transmural do trato gastrointestinal, que pode afetar toda a sua extensão, da boca ao ânus. A doença de Crohn metastática (DCM) é uma forma rara que envolve a pele, e é definida por lesões cutâneas sem contiguidade com o trato gastrointestinal. Uma paciente de 9 anos de idade apresentou queixas gastrointestinais e lesões cutâneas grosseiras na vulva e na região perianal. O diagnóstico de doença de Crohn foi feito quando a paciente tinha 11 anos, após avaliação do coloproctologista. O tratamento foi então iniciado com uma abordagem "top-down", com uma resposta mantida por quatro anos. Posteriormente, houve recidiva da doença de pele em áreas anteriormente normais, sem sintomas evidentes. O tratamento consistiu em corticoide e infiltração local de infliximabe, sem melhora. Um ano depois, houve rápida progressão das lesões cutâneas, sendo a medicação alterada para adalimumabe, também sem resposta e com piora das lesões cutâneas. A paciente foi internada e iniciado tratamento com corticoide intravenoso, juntamente com o desbridamento cirúrgico das lesões. Após alguma melhora, o ustecinumabe foi iniciado com resposta satisfatória. A DCM pediátrica tem um impacto importante na qualidade de vida do paciente, com influências no crescimento e no desenvolvimento social. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Crohn Disease/therapy , Skin Diseases/etiologyABSTRACT
Resumo Retinopatia externa oculta zonal aguda (AZOOR) foi descrita pela primeira vez por Gass em 1993 como uma síndrome com perda rápida de uma ou mais zonas extensas dos segmentos externos da retina. Paciente masculino, 35 anos, portador de doença de Crohn, queixando-se de dor ocular eventual e nictalopia em olho direito desde infância. Em uso regular de azatioprina e mesalazina. melhor acuidade visual 20/20 AO. À fundoscopia, lesões hiperpigmentadas em arcada temporal inferior de olho direito, em treliça, acompanhando vasculatura local. Após exclusão de diagnósticos diferenciais chegou-se ao diagnóstico de Azoor. Azoor é uma síndrome idiopática caracterizada por um quadro agudo início de fotopsia, escotoma ou ambos e é tipicamente associado a uma perda persistente de função visual que envolve uma ou mais zonas da retina externa. Apesar dos sintomas clássicos de fotopsia, o paciente em questão teve uma apresentação clínica atípica. Descrevemos um caso ocorrido em indivíduo do sexo masculino em região periférica apresentando afinamento coroidiano e com doença autoimune associada. Dessa forma, acreditamos que é necessária maior investigação para verificar a etiologia da alteração coroideana e da associação com a doença específica.
Abstract Acute zonal occult external retinopathy (AZOOR) was first described by Gass in 1993 as a syndrome with rapid loss of one or more large areas of the external retinal segments. Male, 35 years, with Crohn's disease complaining of occasional eye pain and right eye nictalopia since childhood. In regular use of azathioprine and mesalazine. better visual acuity 20/20 OU. At fundoscopy, hyperpigmented lesions in the right temporal arcade of the right eye, in trellis, accompanying local vasculature. After exclusion of differential diagnoses, Azoor's diagnosis was reached. Azoor is an idiopathic syndrome characterized by an acute onset of photopsy, scotoma or both and is typically associated with a persistent loss of visual function involving one or more areas of the external retina. Despite classic photopsy symptoms, the patient in question had an atypical clinical presentation. We describe a case of a peripheral male with choroidal thinning and associated autoimmune disease. Thus, we believe that further investigation is necessary to verify the etiology of choroidal alteration and its association with the specific disease.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Retinal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Autoimmune Diseases/complications , Angiography/methods , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methodsABSTRACT
RESUMEN Los granulomas epitelioides son hallazgos característicos de un grupo de pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn (EC), pero su significancia con respecto a la severidad y progresión de la enfermedad es aún incierta. Objetivo: Evaluar las características clínicas de los pacientes con EC en relación a la presencia o no de granulomas en los hallazgos histológicos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo en pacientes con diagnóstico de EC desde enero 2004 a diciembre 2019 en el servicio de gastroenterología del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima-Perú. Resultados: Se incluyó 55 pacientes con media de edad de 56 ± 8,2 años. La mediana de tiempo de enfermedad fue de 16 meses. Tener dos o más recaídas al año (p<0,001; OR= 9,75), edad menor a 30 años (p<0,001; OR=3,57) y un CDAI moderado a severo (≥220 puntos, OR= 11,4; p<0,008) se asoció significativamente con la presencia de granulomas. La actividad endoscópica severa (p<0,003; OR= 9,91) y el fenotipo estenosante-penetrante (p<0,001; OR= 22,1) también mostraron asociación con la presencia de granulomas. El grupo de granulomas presentó mayor probabilidad de uso de corticoides (p<0,024; OR= 3,92) e inmunomodulador (p<0,001; OR= 7,10) además de necesidad de cirugía de resección intestinal (p< 0,027; OR: 5,07). Conclusiones: La presencia de granulomas en EC podría asociarse a mayor severidad clínica, endoscópica, requerimiento de terapia inmunosupresora y mayor necesidad de resección intestinal.
ABSTRACT Epithelioid granuloma is a characteristic histological feature of Crohn's disease (CD), but their significance with respect to the severity and progression of the disease is still uncertain. Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of CD patients in relation to the presence or not of granulomas in histological findings. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive, retrospective study in patients diagnosed with CD from January 2004 to December 2019 in the gastroenterology department of the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital, Lima-Peru. Results: 55 patients were included. Average age of 56 ± 8.2 years. The median time of disease was 16 months. Have two or more relapses per year (p<0.001; OR=9.75), age less than 30 years (p<0.001; OR=3.57) and a moderate to severe CDAI (≥220 points, OR=11.4, p <0.008) was significantly associated with the presence of granulomas. Severe endoscopic activity (p <0.003; OR=9.91) and the stenosing-penetrating phenotype (p<0.001; OR=22.1) also showed association with the presence of granulomas. The group of granulomas had a higher probability of corticosteroid use (p <0.024; OR=3.92) and immunomodulator (p <0.001; OR=7.10), besides the need for intestinal resection surgery (p<0.027; OR=5.07). Conclusions: The presence of granulomas in CD may be associated with increased clinical severity, endoscopic severity, immunosuppressive therapy requirement and undergo for intestinal resection.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Crohn Disease , Recurrence , Crohn Disease/complications , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies , Endoscopy , Granuloma/diagnosis , Granuloma/etiology , Granuloma/epidemiologyABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn's disease are a diagnostic challenge because of the clinical, radiological and endoscopic similarity. The histological and microbiological findings are positive in less than 50%, which delays the correct treatment, putting the patient at risk. We reported a 34-year-old immunocompetent patient with 4 years of malabsorptive diarrhea, weight loss, nocturnal diaphoresis, abdominal pain and an ulcer with stenosis in the jejunum was found; she received empirical anti- tuberculosis treatment with clinical improvement. Later the culture was positive for M. tuberculosis.
RESUMEN La tuberculosis intestinal y la enfermedad de Crohn son un desafío diagnóstico debido a la similitud clínica, radiológica y endoscópica. Los hallazgos histológicos y microbiológicos son positivos en menos del 50%, lo que retrasa el correcto tratamiento, poniendo en riesgo al paciente. Reportamos un paciente de 34 años inmunocompetente con 4 años de diarrea malabsortiva, pérdida de peso, diaforesis nocturna, dolor abdominal y se encontró una úlcera con estenosis en yeyuno; recibió tratamiento empírico antituberculoso con mejoría clínica. Posteriormente el cultivo fue positivo para M. tuberculosis.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal , Crohn Disease , Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/complications , Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/diagnosis , Ulcer/complications , Crohn Disease/complications , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Constriction, Pathologic , Diagnosis, Differential , DiarrheaABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: This study's objective was to understand the epidemiologic profile of the patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the state of Tocantins, Brazil. Methods: This is a descriptive study of secondary data, which was gathered by using the Informatics Department of the Brazilian Health System, and it corresponds to the cases registered from January of 2010 to December of 2017. The data of interest were those related to the total number of admissions, age range, gender, ethnicity, city of hospitalization, and type of care. Results: There were 340 hospital admissions due to inflammatory bowel diseases in Tocantins, of which 204 (60%) were female patients and 136 (40%), male patients; the predominant age group was between 20 and 59 years old (65.88%). These hospitalizations lasted an average of 4.7 days and 98.23% of them occurred as a matter of urgency. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the epidemiological profile of the inflammatory bowel disease in the state of Tocantins consists of female patients, aged between 20 and 59 years, with hospitalizations lasting 4.7 days and mainly urgent, demonstrating that it is necessary to implement screening measures in order to make the diagnosis earlier, thus preventing possible complications.
Resumo Objetivo: Conhecer o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes portadores da doença inflamatória intestinal no estado do Tocantins. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo descritivo de dados secundários obtidos a partir do Sistema de Internações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde, que se compreendem entre Janeiro de 2010 e Dezembro de 2017. Os dados de interesse foram aqueles relacionados ao número total de internações, à faixa etária, sexo, raça, município de internação dos pacientes e caráter dos atendimentos. Resultados: Houve 340 internações hospitalares em razão das doenças inflamatórias intestinais em Tocantins, das quais 204 (60%) foram pacientes femininos e 136 (40%) pacientes masculinos, e a faixa etária predominante foi entre 20 e 59 anos (65,88%). Essas internações duraram em média 4,7 dias e 98,23% delas ocorreram com caráter de urgência. Conclusão: O estudo demonstrou que o perfil epidemiológico da doença inflamatória intestinal no Tocantins constitui-se por pacientes femininos, tendo de 20 a 59 anos, internações de 4,7 dias e predominantemente de urgência, o que torna necessário a implantação de medidas de rastreio de forma a tornar o diagnóstico mais precoce, prevenindo, então, possíveis complicações.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Colitis, Ulcerative/epidemiology , Crohn Disease/epidemiology , Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnosis , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , HospitalizationABSTRACT
RESUMEN La enfermedad de Crohn (EC) es una patología inflamatoria crónica del tracto digestivo con gran impacto en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. La epidemiología mundial está cambiando en los últimos años y su prevalencia está aumentando en Latinoamérica. Objetivo: Evaluar las características epidemiológicas, fenotipo, curso clínico, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la EC. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de pacientes con diagnóstico de EC desde enero 2004 a diciembre 2019 en el servicio de gastroenterología del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, LimaPerú. Resultados: Se incluyó 55 pacientes, con edad promedio de 56 ± 8,2 años. Predominio masculino (62%). El tiempo promedio de diagnóstico fue de 18 ± 6,1 meses. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: dolor abdominal 72,7% y baja de peso 60%. Las manifestaciones extraintestinales se presentaron en 20%. La localización ileal (36,4%) fue la más frecuente, seguida de la colónica (32,7%). Predominó el fenotipo inflamatorio en la mitad de los pacientes, seguido de estenosante en 25,5%. La actividad clínica y endoscópica más frecuente fue moderada. Para el tratamiento de inducción y mantenimiento, los corticoides sistémicos y la terapia biológica con anti-TNF fueron los más utilizados respectivamente. Aproximadamente un tercio de pacientes requirieron cirugía durante la evolución de la enfermedad. La mortalidad fue del 5,4%. Conclusiones: La EC es una enfermedad cada vez más frecuente en nuestro país, con características epidemiológicas y fenotípicas que difieren de otros continentes.
ABSTRACT Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory pathology of the digestive tract with great impact on the quality of life of patients. Global epidemiology is changing in recent years and its prevalence is increasing in Latin America. Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological characteristics, phenotype, clinical course, diagnosis and treatment of CD. Materials and methods: Retrospective, descriptive, observational study of patients diagnosed with CD from January 2004 to December 2019 in the gastroenterology service of the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital, Lima-Peru. Results: 55 patients with an average age of 56 ± 8.2 years were included. Male predominance (62%). The average diagnosis time was 18 ± 6.1 months. The most frequent symptoms were: abdominal pain 72.7% and weight loss 60%. Extraintestinal manifestations occurred in 20%. The ileal location (36.4%) was the most frequent, followed by colonic (32.7%). The inflammatory phenotype predominated in half of the patients, followed by stenosing in 25.5%. The most frequent activity clinical and endoscopic was moderate. For induction and maintenance treatment, systemic corticosteroids and biological therapy with anti-TNF were the most widely used, respectively. Approximately a third of patients required surgery during the evolution of the disease. Mortality was 5.4%. Conclusions: CD is an increasingly frequent disease in our country, with epidemiological and phenotypic characteristics that differ from other continents.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Crohn Disease/genetics , Crohn Disease/epidemiology , Peru , Phenotype , Referral and Consultation , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Crohn Disease/therapy , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is defined as presence of gas within the intestinal wall. It is a rare condition, usually associated with a wide variety of pathologies. It requires a special diagnostic approach to determine underlying etiology. We present the case of a 18 year old woman with chronic abdominal pain, who presents with peritoneal signs and pneumoperitoneum. Laparoscopy showed NI. Thereafter, Crohn´s disease was diagnosed by balloon enteroscopy.
RESUMEN La neumatosis intestinal (NI) es la presencia de gas en la pared intestinal. Es un hallazgo infrecuente, generalmente presente en una gran variedad de patologías. Requiere de un abordaje diagnóstico detallado para determinar su etiología. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 17 años con dolor abdominal crónico, quien se presenta con signos de irritación peritoneal y neumoperitoneo. Con hallazgo quirúrgico de NI en el intestino delgado, a quién mediante enteroscopia se le diagnóstica enfermedad de Crohn.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Crohn Disease/complications , Crohn Disease/diagnosisABSTRACT
Yersinia enterocolitica es un bacilo Gram-negativo causante de infección intestinal en los humanos. Se presenta con diferentes cuadros clínicos que obligan a descartar una variedad de etiologías, lo cual, a veces, hace difícil alcanzar un diagnóstico correcto en forma oportuna.Se expone el caso de un varón adolescente con dolor en la fosa ilíaca derecha a partir de una ileítis terminal con hallazgos similares a la enfermedad de Crohn, que se diagnosticó, finalmente, como infección por Yersinia enterocolitica. Se destaca la utilidad de los diferentes métodos auxiliares empleados.
Yersinia enterocolitica is a gram-negative rod causing intestinal infection in humans. It shows different clinical pictures with many different etiologies to be ruled-out, which sometimes makes it difficult to reach a timely and correct diagnosis. We report the case of an adolescent boy presenting with right lower quadrant pain from terminal ileitis with endoscopic findings akin to Crohn Ìs disease finally diagnosed as Yersinia enterocolitica, highlighting the usefulness of the different ancillary methods employed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Yersinia enterocolitica , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Ileitis/complications , Microbiological Techniques , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques , Diagnosis, Differential , Feces/microbiologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: La enfermedad de Crohn, clasificada como una enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, es una patología inflamatoria crónica con afectación transmural y segmentaria de cualquier parte del tracto digestivo. Se caracteriza por presentar sintomatología clásica como dolor abdominal, diarrea y pérdida de peso; en la población pediátrica ocasiona alteración de la velocidad del crecimiento y desarrollo sexual. Un diagnóstico oportuno y el establecimiento de un tratamiento eficaz son elementales para obtener remisión y garantizar la calidad de vida del paciente. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de sexo femenino, de 12 años de edad; consultó por historia de un mes de evolución, caracterizada por fiebre y sintomatología abdominal inespecífica, la misma que incluyó: dolor abdominal, nausea, vómito, pérdida de peso y poliartralgias. Posteriormente el cuadro se exacerbó, presentando deposiciones líquidas sanguinolentas, motivo por el que se decidió su admisión hospitalaria. EVOLUCIÓN: Se descartó patología infecciosa o inmunológica; se realizó endoscopía y colonoscopía donde se encontraron lesiones erosivas hemorrágicas en ciego. El estudio histopatológico fue compatible con enfermedad de Crohn. CONCLUSIÓN: La enfermedad de Crohn, constituye una patología a considerarse en la lista de diagnósticos diferenciales del paciente que consulta por sintomatología abdominal inespecífica. Si bien su prevalencia e incidencia son bajas en la población local, las consecuencias relacionadas con la afectación del desarrollo pondoestatural, desarrollo sexual y la salud psicosocial del paciente; obligan el establecimiento de un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos(au)
BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease, classified as an inflammatory bowel disease, is a chronic inflammatory condition that causes transmural and segmental involvement of any part of the digestive tract. It is characterized by presenting classic symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea and weight loss; in pediatric population affects growth and sexual development. An opportune diagnosis¿ and the establishment of an effective treatment are essential to obtain remission and guarantee the quality of life. CASE REPORT: 12 year-old, female patient; with 1 month history of fever and nonspecific abdominal symptoms that include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss and polyarthralgia. Later, the patient presented bloody stools, being admitted for the respective evaluation. EVOLUTION: Infectious and immunological origin was ruled out; an endoscopy and colonoscopy were performed; erosive hemorrhagic lesions were found in the cecum. The histopathological study was compatible with Crohn's disease. CONCLUSION: Crohn's disease is an entity to be considered in the list of differential diagnosis of the patient who complaints of nonspecific abdominal symptoms. Although its prevalence and incidence are low in local population, the consequences related to the affectation of pondoestatural development, sexual development and the psychosocial health of the patient; force the establishment of an opportune diagnosis and treatment.(au)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Child , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diagnosis , Colonoscopy , Case ManagementABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Background: Clinical characteristics are keys to improve identification and treatment of Crohn´s disease (CD) so that large sample analysis is of great value. Aim: To explore the clinical characteristics of perianal fistulising CD. Methods: Analysis of 139 cases focused on their clinical data. Results: The proportion of males and females is 3.3:1; the mean age is 28.2 years; 47.5% of patients had anal fistula before CD diagnosis. Patients with prior perianal surgery and medication accounted for 64.7% and 74.1% respectively. The L3 type of lesion was present in 49.6% and the B1 and B2 types for 51.8% and 48.2% respectively; complex anal fistula was diagnosed in 90.6%. Symptoms of diarrhea were found in 46% and perianal lesions alone in 29.5% of patients. Abnormal BMI values was present in 44.6%; active CD activity index in 64.7%; and 94.2% had active perianal disease activity index. A proportion of patients manifest abnormal C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, platelet, hemoglobin and albumin. Conclusion: We suggest that patients with anal fistula associated to these clinical features should alert the medical team to the possibility of CD, which should be further investigated through endoscopy and imaging examination of alimentary tract to avoid the damage of anal function by routine anal fistula surgery.
RESUMO Racional: As características clínicas são fundamentais para melhorar a identificação e o tratamento da doença de Crohn (DC), de modo que a análise da amostra seja de grande valor. Objetivo: Explorar as características clínicas da DC fistulizante perianal. Métodos: Análise de 139 casos focados em seus dados clínicos. Resultados: A proporção de homens e mulheres foi de 3,3: 1; a média de idade de 28,2 anos; 47,5% dos pacientes tiveram fístula anal antes do diagnóstico de DC. Pacientes com cirurgia perianal prévia e medicação representaram 64,7% e 74,1%, respectivamente. O tipo de lesão L3 estava presente em 49,6% e os tipos B1 e B2, em 51,8% e 48,2%, respectivamente; fístula anal complexa foi diagnosticada em 90,6%. Sintomas de diarréia foram encontrados em 46% e lesões perianais isoladas em 29,5% dos pacientes. Valores anormais de IMC estavam presentes em 44,6%; índice de atividade DC ativa em 64,7%; e 94,2% tinham índice de atividade de doença perianal ativo. Proporção significativa de pacientes tinha proteína-C reativa, taxa de sedimenta do eritrócito, plaquetas hemoglobina e albumina anormais. Conclusão: Sugere-se que pacientes com fístula anal associada às essas características clínicas alertem a equipe médica para a possibilidade de DC, que deve ser investigada por endoscopia e exame de imagem do trato digestivo para evitar dano na função anal pela operação que rotineiramente é realizada no tratamento da fístula anal.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Crohn Disease/complications , Rectal Fistula/etiology , Perineum , Crohn Disease/diagnosisABSTRACT
ABSTRACT The aim of this report is to present an unusual case of Crohn's disease affecting the terminal ileum; whose principal differential diagnosis was Yersinia enterolocolitica infection, as the histological features of the resected ileum was common to both diseases. We also describe how the infectious etiology was discarded and the implications for the patient follow-up.
RESUMO O objetivo desse relato é analisar um caso incomum de doença de Crohn, cujo diagnóstico diferencial, com possível infecção por Yersinia enterocilítica, foi dificultado pela presença de alterações histológicas das duas doenças. Descrevemos como foi realizada a exclusão de causas infecciosas e as implicações no acompanhamento do paciente.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Yersinia Infections/diagnosis , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Ileitis , Bacterial InfectionsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease is often delayed because of the lack of an ability to recognize its major clinical manifestations. OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to describe the onset of clinical manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study. Investigators obtained data from interviews and the medical records of inflammatory bowel disease patients from a reference centre located in Brazil. RESULTS: A total of 306 patients were included. The mean time between onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 28 months for Crohn's disease and 19 months for ulcerative colitis. The main clinical manifestations in Crohn's disease patients were weight loss, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and asthenia. The most relevant symptoms in ulcerative colitis patients were blood in the stool, faecal urgency, diarrhoea, mucus in the stool, weight loss, abdominal pain and asthenia. It was observed that weight loss, abdominal pain and distension, asthenia, appetite loss, anaemia, insomnia, fever, nausea, perianal disease, extraintestinal manifestation, oral thrush, vomiting and abdominal mass were more frequent in Crohn's patients than in ulcerative colitis patients. The frequencies of urgency, faecal incontinence, faeces with mucus and blood, tenesmus and constipation were higher in ulcerative colitis patients than in Crohn's disease patients. The mean time from the onset of clinical symptoms to the diagnosis of Crohn's disease was 37 months for patients with ileocolonic location, 26 months for patients with ileum location and 18 months for patients with colon location. In ulcerative colitis patients, the mean time from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 52 months for proctitis, 12 months for left-sided colitis and 12 months for extensive colitis. CONCLUSION: Ulcerative colitis presented a high frequency of intestinal symptoms, and Crohn's disease showed a high frequency of systemic manifestations at the onset of manifestation. There was a long delay in diagnosis, but individuals with more extensive disease and more obvious symptoms showed a shorter delay.
RESUMO CONTEXTO: O diagnóstico da doença inflamatória intestinal é frequentemente retardado pela falta de capacidade para reconhecer as suas principais manifestações clínicas. OBJETIVO: Nosso estudo teve como objetivo descrever as manifestações clínicas iniciais em pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal. Os pesquisadores obtiveram dados por entrevistas e registros médicos de pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal em um centro de referência localizado na Bahia. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 306 pacientes. O tempo entre o início dos sintomas e o diagnóstico foi de 28 (±48) meses para doença de Crohn e 19 (±46) meses para colite ulcerativa. O tempo médio desde o início dos sintomas clínicos até o diagnóstico de doença de Crohn foi de 37 meses para pacientes com localização do ileocolon, 26 meses para a localização do íleo e 18 meses para a localização do cólon. Nos doentes com colite ulcerativa, o tempo médio desde o início dos sintomas até ao diagnóstico foi de 52 meses para proctite, 12 meses para colite no lado esquerdo e 12 meses para colite extensa. As principais manifestações clínicas em pacientes com doença de Crohn foram perda de peso, dor abdominal, diarreia e astenia. Os sintomas mais relevantes da colite ulcerativa foram sangue nas fezes, urgência fecal, diarreia, muco nas fezes, perda de peso, dor abdominal e astenia. Observou-se que a perda de peso, dor abdominal e distensão, astenia, perda de apetite, anemia, insônia, febre, náusea, doença perianal, manifestação extraintestinal, afta oral, vômitos e massa abdominal foram mais frequentes na doença de Crohn. A frequência de urgência e incontinência fecal, fezes com muco e sangue, tenesmo e constipação foram maiores na colite ulcerativa. CONCLUSÃO: A colite ulcerativa apresentou alta frequência de sintomas intestinais e a doença de Crohn mostrou alta frequência de manifestações sistêmicas. Houve um grande atraso no diagnóstico, mas indivíduos com doença mais extensa e sintomas mais exuberantes mostraram um atraso menor.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnosis , Colitis, Ulcerative/pathology , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Crohn Disease/pathology , Brazil , Colitis, Ulcerative/physiopathology , Crohn Disease/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Age of Onset , Early Diagnosis , Delayed Diagnosis , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Capsule endoscopy is a technique that allows the study of the small intestine, through a device that is swallowed by the patient, capturing images as it travels through the digestive tract. Capsule retention is the most serious complication. We report the case of a 69 year-old male presenting with iron deficiency anemia, with normal upper endoscopy and colonoscopy; but obscure gastrointestinal bleeding was diagnosed and therefore a study with capsule endoscopy was requested. The patient evolves with retained capsule in the small intestine with ulcerated stenosis as shown by imaging. This finding was confirmed by enteroscopy with biopsy, without being able to extract the capsule. Medical management with corticosteroids was indicated for intestinal obstruction secondary to inflammatory stenosis in the context of Crohn's disease: The capsule was expelled after 21 days of ingestion, with a positive outcome
La cápsula endoscópica es una técnica que permite el estudio del intestino delgado, mediante un dispositivo que es deglutido por el paciente y captura imágenes en su recorrido por el tubo digestivo. La complicación más grave es la retención de la cápsula. Se reporta el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino, de 69 años con anemia ferropénica, con endoscopia alta y colonoscopia normal; planteándose sangrado gastrointestinal de origen oscuro por lo que se solicita estudio con cápsula endoscópica. El paciente evoluciona con retención de la cápsula en intestino delgado, visualizándose en las imágenes la presencia de estenosis ulcerada, hallazgo que se confirma mediante enteroscopia con toma de biopsias, sin lograr extraer la cápsula. Se indica manejo médico con corticoides por obstrucción intestinal secundario a estenosis inflamatoria en contexto de enfermedad de Crohn, expulsando espontáneamente la cápsula al día 21 de su ingestión, sin complicaciones.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Capsule Endoscopes/adverse effects , Foreign Bodies/etiology , Foreign Bodies/diagnostic imaging , Radiography, Abdominal , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Capsule Endoscopy/adverse effectsSubject(s)
Humans , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diagnosis , Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnosis , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Colitis, Ulcerative/surgery , Proctocolectomy, Restorative/adverse effects , Colonic Pouches/adverse effectsSubject(s)
Humans , Anus Diseases/surgery , Anus Diseases/epidemiology , Rectal Diseases/surgery , Rectal Diseases/epidemiology , Crohn Disease/therapy , Crohn Disease/epidemiology , Perineum/pathology , Ostomy , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Rectal Fistula/surgery , Rectal Fistula/therapy , Rectovaginal Fistula/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Combined Modality Therapy , Abscess/diagnosis , Abscess/therapyABSTRACT
SUMMARY: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoinflammatory chronic disorder of the gastrointestinal tract with a dysregulated immune response, being Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) the two main conditions. In literature the extra intestinal manifestations associated with IBD have been well documented. However, in our country, there are no studies about the oral manifestations. Having this information, is fundamental in order to optimize resources involved in diagnosis and treatment in a multidisciplinary level. Descriptive observational cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample for convenience with patients diagnosed with IBD belonging to the "CD-UC Group". In a period of four months the intraoral exam, diagnosis, and description of the lesions according location, type of illness, age, and sex were carried out. Thirty (30) patients (23 UC and 7 CD) filled the criteria of inclusion, 30 % men and 70 % women. 11 patients presented at least one oral lesion, being recurrent oral ulcer the most frequent, and two more specific lesions (macrocheilia and corrugated lesion). Of these patients, 37 % presented at least one oral lesion, being the most frequent one recurrent oral ulcer (ROU).
RESUMEN: La Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal (EII) es un desorden inmunitario autoinflamatorio crónico del tracto gastrointestinal, siendo la Enfermedad de Crohn (EC) y la Colitis Ulcerativa (CU) sus dos condiciones principales. Se ha documentado en la literatura acerca de las manifestaciones extraintestinales asociadas a EII. Sin embargo, en nuestro país, no existen estudios acerca de las manifestaciones orales. Contar con esta información es fundamental para optimizar los recursos involucrados en el diagnóstico y tratamiento a nivel multidisciplinario. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, con un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia con pacientes diagnosticados de EII pertenecientes a la "Agrupación EC-CU". En un periodo de 4 meses se realizó el examen intraoral, diagnóstico y descripción de lesiones según localización, tipo de enfermedad, edad y sexo. Resultados: 30 pacientes (23 CU y 7 EC) cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, 30 % hombres y 70 % mujeres. De los sujetos, 11 pacientes presentaron al menos una lesión oral, la úlcera recurrente oral fue la lesión más frecuente y se encontraron dos lesiones específicas (macroqueilia y lesión de aspecto corrugado). Un 37 % de los pacientes presentaron al menos una lesión oral, en donde la lesión más frecuente fue la úlcera recurrente oral.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications , Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnosis , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Oral Ulcer/diagnosis , Recurrence , Prevalence , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , GingivitisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The diagnosis and evaluation of inflammatory bowel disease is quite complex. An ideal, noninvasive marker for this disease is quite urgently needed. Fecal S100A12 is a member of the S100 protein family and is secreted by activated neutrophils. We aim to evaluate it as a biomarker for inflammatory bowel disease patients in China. METHODS: Fecal S100A12 was measured in 18 Crohn's disease, 21 ulcerative colitis, and 17 healthy controls. Diagnostic value was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in comparison with C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The correlation between fecal S100A12 and clinical characteristics was also evaluated. RESULTS: We found significant increases (p<0.01) in the diagnostic value of S100A12 in both Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease when compared to healthy controls. In ulcerative colitis, fecal S100A12 correlated with fecal occult blood (p=0.02, r=0.55); in Crohn's disease, it correlated with disease duration, albumin and platelet levels (p=0.01, r=-0.53; p<0.01, r=-0.65; p=0.04, r=0.45. respectively). No correlation occurred between fecal S100A12 and other clinical conditions. CONCLUSION: Fecal S100A12 is valuable in distinguishing inflammatory bowel disease patients versus healthy controls. However, the sensitivity and specificity are limited when compared with that described in western countries. The correlation between S100A12 and clinical characteristics is limited as well. More research is need to better explore this interaction in Chinese patients.
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVO: O diagnóstico e avaliação da doença inflamatória intestinal é bastante complexo. Um marcador ideal, não invasivo para esta doença é urgentemente necessário. O S100A12 fecal é um membro da família de proteínas S100 e é secretado por neutrófilos ativados. Pretendemos avaliá-lo como biomarcador para pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal na China. MÉTODOS: a proteína fecal S100A12 foi medida em 18 pacientes com Moléstia de Crohn, 21 pacientes com Colite Ulcerativa e 17 voluntários saudáveis (controles). O valor diagnóstico foi avaliado através da análise da característica de operação do receptor (ROC) em comparação com a proteína C reativa e com a taxa sedimentação eritrocitária. A correlação entre S100A12 fecal e características clínicas também foi avaliada. RESULTADOS: Observamos aumentos significativos (p < 0.01) no valor diagnóstico de S100A12 tanto na Colite Ulcerativa quanto na Doença de Crohn quando comparados aos controles saudáveis. Na colite ulcerativa, a proteína S100A12 fecal correlacionou com sangue oculto fecal (p = 0,02, r = 0,55); Na doença de Crohn, correlacionou com a duração da doença, albumina e níveis de plaquetas (p = 0,01, r = -0,53; p <0,01, r = -0,65; p = 0,04, r = 0,45, respectivamente). Não houve correlação entre S100A12 fecal e outras condições clínicas. CONCLUSÃO: O S100A12 fecal é valioso para distinguir pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal versus controles saudáveis. No entanto, a sensibilidade e especificidade é limitada quando comparada com a descrita nos países ocidentais. A correlação entre S100A12 e características clínicas é limitada. Mais pesquisas são necessárias para explorar melhor essa interação em pacientes chineses.
Subject(s)
Humans , Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnosis , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , S100A12 Protein/analysis , Occult Blood , Biomarkers/analysis , ChinaABSTRACT
El término Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal (EII) incluye a un grupo de entidades clínicas que se caracterizan por ser procesos inflamatorios crónicos de etiología desconocida, y afectar primordialmente, aunque no de forma exclusiva, al intestino. Actualmente se reconocen varias entidades que se engloban en este concepto: Colitis Ulcerosa (CU), Enfermedad de Crohn (EC), Colitis Inclasificada (CI), Colitis Microscópica (CM) y Reservoritis (Pouchitis). La Enfermedad de Crohn puede afectar a cualquier tramo del intestino, siendo la localización más frecuente la Ileal y Colónica en forma simultánea. El proceso inflamatorio en la EC es transmural y sus síntomas fundamentales son la diarrea generalmente crónica y/o el dolor abdominal. Presentamos el caso de una mujer joven con una EC que compromete exclusivamente al ileon terminal, en la que se realizó el diagnóstico de EC ileal por la clínica, la endoscopía y la anatomía patológica, que respondió satisfactoriamente a la terapéutica instaurada, y se revisa el concepto de la EC con énfasis en su diagnóstico.
The term Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) includes a group of clinical entities that are characterized by chronic inflammatory processes of unknown etiology, and primarily, but not exclusively, affecting the intestine. Currently, several entities are included in this concept: Ulcerative Colitis (UC), Crohn's Disease (CD), Unclassified Colitis (UC), Microscopic Colitis (CM) and Reservoritis (Pouchitis). Crohn's Disease can affect any part of the intestine, with the most frequent location being ileal and colonic simultaneously. The inflammatory process in CD is transmural and its fundamental symptoms are usually chronic diarrhea and/or abdominal pain. We present the case of a young woman with a CD that exclusively compromises the terminal Ileon, in whom the diagnosis of ileal CD was performed with the clinical data, the endoscopic procedure and the pathological study, who responded satisfactorily to the established therapy, and the concept of CD with an emphasis on its diagnosis is reviewed.